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What type of record provides information on services such as VoIP and instant messaging?

A records
MX records
Service (SRV) records
CNAME records

The correct answer is: Service (SRV) records

Service (SRV) records are crucial for directing specific types of traffic to the appropriate services within a domain's configuration. These records enable clients to discover services like Voice over IP (VoIP) and instant messaging, which require certain protocols to function correctly. An SRV record offers the necessary information, including the hostname of the server providing the service, the port number to connect to, and the priority and weight for load balancing among multiple servers. This structured information allows applications to interact with the correct services without needing to know the underlying details beforehand, ensuring efficient communication for services such as VoIP. Other types of DNS records serve different purposes; for example, A records provide IP address mappings to domain names, MX records designate mail servers for email delivery, and CNAME records create aliases for domain names. These do not contain the specific information needed for service discovery like SRV records do.